[CN: calcineurin; PPP3CA: protein phosphatase 3]
[過去にはPP2B: protein phosphatase 2B]
protein phosphatase。
【特徴】
◆活性化
・T cells of the immune system
・NFATc (Nuclear Factor of Activated T cell, cytoplasmic)
脱リン酸化による転写因子
核内に移行してinterleukin 2 (IL-2)をupregulate
これでT cellの成長と分化が刺激される
◆阻害(calcineurin inhibitors)
・cyclosporin
・pimecrolimus
・tacrolimus
◆cytotoxic lymphocytes and NK cells活動制御
antigen-presenting cell interacts with a T cell receptor
increase in the cytoplasmic level of calcium
activates calcineurin
by binding a regulatory subunit
and activating calmodulin binding
Calcineurin induces different transcription factors (NFATs)
transcription of IL-2 genes
IL-2 activates T-helper lymphocytes
induces the production of other cytokines
長期抑制に関与
◆臨床
・schizophrenia
NMDAR, dopamineR and GABAR(Bannai,Racine,2009)
欠損でschizophrenia様(Miyakawa,Tonegawa,2003)
作動記憶阻害、注意欠損、社会性欠如
・diabetics' pancreatic beta cells(Heit,Kim,2006)
・perinatal lung maturation and function
Calcineurin/Nfat signaling
◆相互作用
・DSCR1
・AKAP5
2012/11/22 masashi tanaka