calcineurin
関連概念 : 生物学

[CN: calcineurin; PPP3CA: protein phosphatase 3]
[過去にはPP2B: protein phosphatase 2B]

protein phosphatase。

【特徴】

 ◆活性化
   ・T cells of the immune system
   ・NFATc (Nuclear Factor of Activated T cell, cytoplasmic)
     脱リン酸化による転写因子
     核内に移行してinterleukin 2 (IL-2)をupregulate
       これでT cellの成長と分化が刺激される
 ◆阻害(calcineurin inhibitors)
   ・cyclosporin
   ・pimecrolimus
   ・tacrolimus
 ◆cytotoxic lymphocytes and NK cells活動制御
   antigen-presenting cell interacts with a T cell receptor
     increase in the cytoplasmic level of calcium
     activates calcineurin
       by binding a regulatory subunit
       and activating calmodulin binding
   Calcineurin induces different transcription factors (NFATs)
     transcription of IL-2 genes
     IL-2 activates T-helper lymphocytes
       induces the production of other cytokines
   長期抑制に関与
 ◆臨床
   ・schizophrenia
     NMDAR, dopamineR and GABAR(Bannai,Racine,2009)
     欠損でschizophrenia様(Miyakawa,Tonegawa,2003)
       作動記憶阻害、注意欠損、社会性欠如
   ・diabetics' pancreatic beta cells(Heit,Kim,2006)
   ・perinatal lung maturation and function
     Calcineurin/Nfat signaling
 ◆相互作用
   ・DSCR1
   ・AKAP5

2012/11/22 masashi tanaka

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